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Anti-infection

Antibiotic Arenavirus Bacterial CMV Enterovirus Filovirus Fungal HBV HCV HCV Protease HIV HIV Integrase HIV Protease HSV Influenza Virus Orthopoxvirus Parasite TMV Reverse Transcriptase RSV SARS-CoV Virus Protease RABV HPV DENV RABV
Apoptosis

Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family Caspase c-Myc DAPK Ferroptosis FKBP IAP Family MDM-2/p53 PKD Necroptosis Pyroptosis RIP kinase Thymidylate Synthase TNF Receptor TRADD Cuproptosis DAPK
Autophagy

Autophagy FKBP LRRK2 Mitophagy OGA ULK Beclin1 Atg4
Cell Cycle/DNA Damage

Antifolate APC ATM/ATR Aurora Kinase BMI-1 Casein Kinase CDK Checkpoint Kinase (Chk) CRISPR/Cas9 Deubiquitinase DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker DNA/RNA Synthesis DNA-PK Early 2 Factor (E2F) Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF) GAK G-quadruplex Haspin Kinase HDAC HSP IRE1 Kinesin LIM Kinase (LIMK) Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 DNA Stain Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog p97 PAK PARP PERK PFKFB3 Polo-like Kinase (PLK) PPAR RAD51 Cyclin G-associated Kinase (GAK) ROCK ATF6 Haspin Kinase Sirtuin SRPK PDI Telomerase TOPK Topoisomerase Wee1 YB-1 poly (ADP ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) OGG1
Cytoskeletal Signaling

Arp2/3 Complex Dynamin Gap Junction Protein Integrin Kinesin Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Myosin PAK ROCK
Epigenetics

AMPK Aurora Kinase DNA Methyltransferase Epigenetic Reader Domain HDAC Histone Acetyltransferase Histone Demethylase Histone Methyltransferase MicroRNA PARP PKC Protein Arginine Deiminase Methionine Adenosyltransferase (MAT) Sirtuin JAK TET Protein
GPCR/G Protein

5-HT Receptor Adenosine Receptor Adenylate Cyclase (AC) Adrenergic Receptor Angiotensin Receptor Bombesin Receptor Bradykinin Receptor Cannabinoid Receptor CaSR CCR CGRP Receptor Cholecystokinin Receptor CRFR CXCR TSH Receptor Neuropeptide Y Receptor Dopamine Receptor EBI2/GPR183 Endothelin Receptor Formyl peptide receptor (FPR) GHSR Glucagon Receptor GNRH Receptor GPR109A GPR119 GPR139 GPR27 GPR55 GPR84 Guanylate Cyclase Histamine Receptor Imidazoline Receptor Leukotriene Receptor LPL Receptor mAChR MCHR1 (GPR24) Melanocortin Receptor Melatonin Receptor mGluR Motilin Receptor Neurokinin Receptor Neurotensin Receptor Opioid Receptor Orexin Receptor (OX Receptor) Oxytocin Receptor P2Y Receptor PKG Prostaglandin Receptor Protease-Activated Receptor (PAR) Apelin Receptor (APJ) Ras GPR88 Free Fatty Acid Receptor RGS GPR4 Secretin Receptor Mas-related G-protein-coupled Receptor (MRGPR) GPR35 GPR52 MCHR1 (GPR24) Leukotriene Receptor GLP Receptor Somatostatin Receptor Arrestin Platelet-activating Factor Receptor (PAFR) Mas-related G-protein-coupled Receptor (MRGPR) Kisspeptin Receptor G Protein-coupled Receptor Kinase (GRK) G protein-coupled Bile Acid Receptor 1 Succinate Receptor 1 TSH Receptor Protease Activated Receptor (PAR) Urotensin Receptor Vasopressin Receptor Motilin Receptor TF
Immunology/Inflammation

Arginase Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) CCR Complement System COX CXCR Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase (cGAS) TIM-3 TIGIT CTLA-4 FKBP FLAP Galectin IFNAR Interleukin Related IRAK MIF MyD88 NO Synthase NOD-like Receptor (NLR) PD-1/PD-L1 PGE synthase CX3CR1 Pyroptosis Nuclear Factor of activated T Cells (NFAT) Reactive Oxygen Species AP-1 Salt-inducible Kinase (SIK) SOD SPHK STING Thrombopoietin Receptor Toll-like Receptor (TLR) AP-1 PSMA Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) FAP Histamine Receptor Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) LAG-3 Mucin Tim3 Mesothelin Nectin-4 P-selectin TROP2 CD79B DPEP3 BCMA MUC16 BAFF CD markers FcRn CSF2 IgE Glycoprotein VI

PI3K/Akt/mTOR

PI3K/Akt/mTOR 信号传导途径对于细胞生长和存活的许多方面，在生理和病理条件下都是至关重要的。 PI3K 构成脂质激酶家族。 I 类PI3K 是由催化 (CAT) 亚基 (即 p110) 和衔接子/调节亚基 (即 p85) 组成的异二聚体，并且可以进一步分为两个亚类：亚类 IA（PI3Kα，β和δ），由具有蛋白酪氨酸激酶活性的受体和 IB 亚类（PI3Kγ）激活，其由与G蛋白偶联的受体激活。 Akt 激酶属于 AGC 激酶家族，与 AMP/GMP 激酶和蛋白激酶C有关。mTOR 是从酵母到人类进化保守的关键蛋白，对生命至关重要。 mTORC1 复合物由mTOR，Raptor，mLST8 和 PRAS40 组成，mTORC2 复合物由 mTOR，Rictor，Sin1 和 mLST8 组成。

在配体结合后，存在于活化的 RTK 中的磷酸化酪氨酸将与 p85 结合，然后释放催化亚基 p110。活化的 p110 将 PIP2 磷酸化为第二信使 PIP3，该反应可被 PI3K 拮抗剂 PTEN 逆转。 PIP3 将下游 Akt 募集到内膜并在其丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶位点（Thr308 和 Ser473）上磷酸化 Akt。活化的 Akt 参与下游 mTORC1介导的对蛋白质和核糖体的生物发生的反应。

许多属于 PI3K/Akt 途径的基因涉及实体瘤的病理生理学和对化学疗法的敏感性/抗性。现在越来越多的研究关注于在癌症治疗中靶向这些途径的转化相关性。

参考文献：
[1]. Porta C, et al. Targeting PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling in Cancer. Front Oncol. 2014 Apr 14;4:64.
[2]. Follo MY, et al. PLC and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling in disease and cancer. Adv Biol Regul. 2015 Jan;57:10-6.
[3]. Li X, et al. PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and targeted therapy for glioblastoma. Oncotarget. 2016 May 31;7(22):33440-50.

PI3K/Akt/mTOR 相关靶点

Akt (123) AMPK (84) ATM/ATR (24) DNA-PK (22) GSK-3 (73) MELK (5) mTOR (102) PDK-1 (12) PI3K (201) PI4K (15) PIKfyve (8) PTEN (7) PDPK1 (1) PIN1 (5) TROP2 (0) LYPD3 (0) CD79B (0)